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History 1952 - 1998
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Brief history of fib's parent associations CEB and FIP (1952 to 1998)
CEB Presidents 1953 - 1998
FIP Presidents 1953 - 1998
CEB Honorary Life Members
FIP Honorary Life Members
Freyssinet Medallists
FIP Medallists
CEB Plenary Sessions
FIP Congresses
FIP Symposia
FIP Awards for Outstanding Structures |
Brief history of fib's parent associations CEB and FIP (1952 to 1998)
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| 1952 |
The Fédération Internationale de la Précontrainte FIP (International Federation for Prestressing) was inaugurated at an international meeting held in Cambridge, England.
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| 1953 |
The Comité Européen du Béton CEB (European Committee for Concrete) was founded, on an initiative of French contractors, by André Balency-Béarn (France), Louis Baes (Belgium), Emile Nennig (Luxembourg), Hubert Rüsch (Germany), Euardo Torroja (Spain) and Georg Wästlund (Sweden). The French National Federation of Building (FNB / SNBATI) in Paris hosted and sponsored the secretariat. Yves Saillard was nominated as Secrétaire Permanent, and later became (1968) Vice-Président Délégué and (1971) Président Délégué.
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| 1954 |
Philip Gooding, Director-General of the Cement & Concrete Association was appointed Secretary General of FIP. Subsequently, C&CA in Wexham Springs, UK, hosted and sponsored the secretariat.
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| 1957 |
Beginning of CEB's technical publication series 'Bulletins d'Information', continued until No. 243 in 1998.
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| 1959 |
In CEB the priority of future work was given to ‘the elaboration of easily usable (international) practical rules (recommendations), with possibly limited initial application or selection of a sufficient security, followed by improvement of the rules when research results permit’. By this decision, the objectives of CEB had to be re-defined as:
- coordinating and synthesizing research for all problems related to technology and innovation in structural concrete;
- creating and orchestrating the international principles and rules for the conception, calculation, construction and maintenance of concrete structures; and
- establishing codes, standards or other regulatory documents on a unified international basis progressively, through successive stages.
For these purposes the first 'Working Commissions' were created.
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| 1961 |
On the initiative of CEB the 'Liaison Committee for the International Civil Engineering Associations', was created (comprising still today the CIB, ECCS, fib, IABSE and RILEM), with the aim to define the areas of activity and to harmonize the endeavours. Under the auspices of the Liaison Committee, several joint undertakings with other associations could be initiated, among them the creation of a joint CEB-CIB-RILEM Commission on Statistical Quality Control (see CEB Bulletin 110) and in 1971 of the still existing Joint Committee on Structural Safety (JCSS).
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| 1962 |
A common initiative by FIP and CEB created a 'Mixed CEB-FIP Committee for Drafting of Recommendations for Prestressed Concrete'.
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| 1964 |
The First CEB International Recommendations (covering reinforced concrete structures), was published successively in fifteen languages as 'a tentative draft for a complete set of provisional practical recommendations relating to all aspects of design and construction', and contributed very efficiently to the progress of drafting of national codes in about twenty countries.
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| 1967 |
FIP-Notes created as a means of dissemination of news among members, continued until 1998.
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| 1968 |
The importance of the results achieved by CEB were officially recognised by the United Nations in the publishing of the UNESCO 'Code et manuel d'application pour le calcul et l'exécution du béton armé', conceived especially for the developing countries, based on the 1964 CEB International Recommendations and elaborated by a commission of CEB experts.
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| 1970 |
The second edition of what later became the "CEB-FIP International Recommendations” were ratified by the two associations, covering structures in plain, reinforced and prestressed concrete. In the following years elaboration of numerous accompanying manuals.
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| 1974 |
An initiative by CEB – in a concentrated effort and in conjunction with FIP, ECCS, CIB and RILEM – created an 'International System of Unified Standard Codes of Practice for Structures', in which CEB became responsible for the common unified rules for different types of construction and material and the model code for concrete structures.
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| 1976 |
CEB's name changed to 'Comité Euro-International du Béton' (Euro-International Committee for Concrete).
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| 1977 |
The 19th CEB Plenary Session in Granada approved the final draft of what later became the 'CEB-FIP Model Code 1978'.
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| 1978 |
The first volumes of the 'International System of Unified Standard Codes of Practice for Structures' were published:
- Volume I: Common unified rules for different types of construction and material
- Volume II: CEB-FIP Model Code for Concrete Structures
The latter subsequently became the basic reference document for the development of Eurocode 2 by the Commission of the European Communities, and to a large extent influenced the up-dating of design codes in many countries. In the following years numerous accompanying documents, application manuals, trial calculations, etc. were elaborated.
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| 1978 |
Barry W. Shacklock, who was at the time Director of Administration Services at C&CA, was appointed Secretary-General and Treasurer of the FIP, succeeding Mr. Arthur W. Hill.
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| 1980 |
CEB's legal domicile was transferred to Geneva, Switzerland.
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| 1983 |
On invitation of the EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), CEB's Lausanne office was opened, which became in 1985 the CEB headquarters after closure of the Paris office.
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| 1985 |
The Model Code for Seismic Design of Concrete Structures was published by CEB. A decision was made to compile a 'Model Code 1990'. The secretariat of FIP moved from C&CA to The Institution of Structural Engineers, with Dr. Ralph Andrew succeeding Barry W. Shacklock as Seretary General.
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| 1991 |
The Final Draft of the 1990 CEB-FIP Model Code was presented to and endorsed by CEB's 28th Plenary Session in Vienna. Restructuring of CEB's Commissions and Task Groups commenced.
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| 1996 |
The FIP General Assembly met in London in September 1996 during the FIP Symposium, and following a suggestion made by a common CEB-FIP Implementation Group, approved the merger with the CEB to create the fib.
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| 1997 |
The 31st CEB General Assembly in Stockholm in June 1997, following a suggestion made by a common CEB-FIP Implementation Group, approved the merger with FIP to create fib.
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| 1998 |
On the 24th May 1998 the CEB Administrative Council, following the resolution taken by the last General Assembly in 1997, dissolved the CEB in favour of the fib with an effective date of 28th May 1998. In a parallel move the same day, the FIP Council, following the resolution taken by the last General Assembly in 1996, dissolved the FIP in favour of the fib with an effective date of 28th May 1998 (the last day of the XIII FIP Congress Amsterdam).
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| CEB Presidents 1953 - 1998 |
| 1953 - 1957 |
André Balency-Béarn (France, 1900 - 1978) |
| 1957 - 1968 |
Franco Levi (Italy) |
| 1968 - 1971 |
Hubert Rüsch (Germany, 1903 - 1979) |
| 1971 - 1978 |
Andrew Short (United Kingdom, 1915 - 1999) |
| 1979 - 1983 |
Julio Ferry-Borges (Portugal, 1922 - 1993) |
| 1983 - 1987 |
Theodossios P. Tassios (Greece) |
| 1987 - 1998 |
Roy E. Rowe (United Kingdom) |
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| FIP Presidents 1953 - 1998 |
| 1953 - 1958 |
Eugène Freyssinet (France, 1879 - 1962) |
| 1958 - 1961 |
Eduardo Torroja (Spain, 1899 - 1961) |
| 1961 - 1966 |
Yves Guyon (France, 1899 - 1975) |
| 1966 - 1970 |
Franco Levi (Italy) |
| 1970 - 1974 |
Gerrit F. Janssonius (Netherlands, 1911-1990) |
| 1974 - 1978 |
Ben C. Gerwick Jr. (USA, 1919-2006) |
| 1978 - 1982 |
Roger Lacroix (France) |
| 1982 - 1984 |
John Derrington (United Kingdom) |
| 1984 - 1988 |
Hans Wittfoht (Germany) |
| 1988 - 1992 |
René Walther (Switzerland) |
| 1992 - 1996 |
Jan Moksnes (Norway) |
| 1996 - 1998 |
Michel Virlogeux (France) |
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| CEB Honorary Life Members |
| 1977 |
Fritz Leonhardt (Germany, 1909 - 1999) |
| 1979 |
Nicolas Esquillan (France, 1902 - 1989) |
| 1980 |
Alexei A. Gvozdev (USSR, 1897 - 1986) |
| 1983 |
Troels Brøndum-Nielsen (Denmark, 1917 - 2003) |
| 1988 |
Yves Saillard (France, 1924 - 2007) |
| 1993 |
Henri Mathieu (France) and Manfred Stiller (Germany) |
| 1997 |
Giorgio Macchi (Italy) and Henri Motteu (Belgium) |
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| FIP Honorary Life Members |
| 1970 |
Carlo Cestelli Guidi (Italy, 1906 - 1995), Hans Minetti (Germany, 1898 - 1991), Philip Gooding (United Kingdom, 1906 - 1977) and Christian Ostenfeld (Denmark, 1910 - 1976) |
| 1974 |
Sir Alan Harris (United Kingdom, 1916 - 2000) and Jiri Klimes (Czechoslovakia, 1910 - 1981) |
| 1978 |
Karl Kordina (Germany, 1919 - 2005) and Fernand Dumas (France, 1898 - 1985) |
| 1986 |
William F. G. Crozier (United Kingdom, 1917 - 2003) and Barry W. Shacklock (United Kingdom) |
| 1988 |
Konstantin V. Mikhailov (USSR) |
| 1990 |
Roy E. Rowe (United Kingdom) and Manfred Stiller (Germany) |
| 1992 |
Ralph P. Andrew (United Kingdom, 1924 - 1998) |
| 1998 |
Rafael Pineiro Abril (Spain, 1917 - 1997) |
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| Freyssinet Medallists |
| 1970 |
Nicolas Esquillan (France, 1902 - 1989), Ulrich Finsterwalder (Germany, 1897 - 1989) and Ricardo Morandi (Italy, 1902 - 1989) |
| 1974 |
Fritz Leonhardt (Germany, 1909 - 1999), T'ung-Yen Lin (USA, 1912 - 2003) and Victor V. Mikhailov (USSR, 1901 - 1990) |
| 1978 |
Paul Abeles (USA, 1897 - 1977), Alexei A. Gvozdev (USSR, 1897 - 1986) and Franco Levi (Italy) |
| 1982 |
Max Birkenmeier (Switzerland, 1915 - 2002) and Ben C. Gerwick Jr. (USA, 1919 - 2006) |
| 1986 |
Shunji Inomata (Japan, 1918 - 1990) and Roger Lacroix (France) |
| 1990 |
Christian Menn (Switzerland) and Jörg Schlaich (Germany) |
| 1994 |
Alexander C. Scordelis (USA, 1923 - 2007), Hans Wittfoht (Germany) and René Walther (Switzerland) |
| 1998 |
Jan Moksnes (Norway) and Jean Muller (France, 1925 - 2005) |
The tradition to award Freyssinet Medals every four years
at the occasion of a congress, is continued by fib.
For Freyssinet Medallists awarded 2002 and later, see fib awards.
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| FIP Medallists |
| 1970 |
Dudley H. New (United Kingdom, 1907 - 1991), Pierre Xercavins (France) and Branko Zezelj (Yugoslavia, 1910 - 1995) |
| 1974 |
Arthur A. Anderson (USA), Shunji Inomata (Japan, 1918 - 1990) and David J. Lee (United Kingdom, 1931 - 2001) |
| 1976 |
William P. Brown (Australia, 1914 - 2004) and Armand H. Gustaferro (USA, 1924 - 2003) |
| 1978 |
Jan Bobrowski (United Kingdom), Carlos F. Casado (Spain, 1905 - 1988), Alexandra B. Druganova (USSR, 1913 - 1980), Jean Muller (France, 1925 - 2005), Hans Wittfoht (Germany) and Silvano Zorzi (Italy, 1921 - 1994) |
| 1980 |
Constantin Avram (Romania, 1911 - 1987) and Olav Olsen (Norway, 1913 - 1998) |
| 1982 |
Gerrit F. Janssonius (The Netherlands, 1911 - 1990), Michel Kavyrchine (France), Kyoshi Nakano (Japan) and Sven-Erik Svensson (Sweden, 1915 - 1997(?)) |
| 1984 |
Karl G. Bernander (Sweden), A. S. G. Bruggeling (The Netherlands), Kai Holbek (USA) and Konstantin V. Mikhailov (USSR) |
| 1986 |
C. R. Alimchandani (India), Helmut F. Cabjolsky (Argentina), Jean Mathivat (France), Tippur N. Subba Rao (India) and J. H. van Loenen (The Netherlands) |
| 1988 |
Carlo Cestelli Guidi (Italy, 1906 - 1995), Lubor Janda (Czech Republic, 1920 - 2005) and Jacob Shimoni (Israël, 1927 - 1996) |
| 1990 |
Helmut Bomhard (Germany), John E. Breen (USA) and Michel Placidi (France) |
| 1991 |
He Guangqian (China) and Henk J. C. Oud (The Netherlands) |
| 1992 |
Lajos Garay (Hungary, 1923 - 2002), Peter Matt (Switzerland) and Géza Tassi (Hungary) |
| 1993 |
Shoji Ikeda (Japan), Hans Rudolf Müller (Switzerland) and Hiroshi Muguruma (Japan) |
| 1994 |
Norman C. Scott (USA) and Arnold van Acker (Belgium) |
| 1995 |
W. G. J. Ryan (Australia) and Steinar Helland (Norway) |
| 1996 |
Tom W. Kirkbride (United Kingdom) and Javier Manterola (Spain) |
| 1997 |
Charles Liebenberg (South Africa) and Robert Park (New Zealand, 1933 - 2004) |
| 1998 |
Mineo Morimoto (Japan), Armando Rito (Portugal) and Joost Walraven (The Netherlands) |
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| CEB Plenary Sessions |
Luxembourg (1953), Fontainebleau (1954), Madrid (1956), Rome (1957), Vienna (1959)
Monaco (1961), Luxembourg (1962), Wiesbaden (1963), Ankara (1964), London (1965), Brussels (1966), Lausanne (1968), Delft-Scheveningen (1969)
Copenhagen (1971), Leningrad (1972), London (1973), Lisbon (1975), Athens (1976), Granada (1977), Rome (1979)
Budapest (1980), Munich (1982), Prague (1983), Rotterdam (1985), Treviso (1987), Dubrovnik (1988)
Paris (1990), Vienna (1991), Les Diablerets (1993), Berlin (1995), Stockholm (1997)
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| FIP Congresses |
London (1953), Amsterdam (1955), Berlin (1958), Rome and Naples (1962), Paris (1966), Prague (1970), New York (1974), London (1978), Stockholm (1982), New Delhi (1986), Hamburg (1990), Washington (1994), Amsterdam (1998)
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| FIP Symposia |
Madrid (1968), Tbilisi (1972), Sydney (1976), Bucharest (1980), Calgary (1984), Jerusalem (1988), Beijing (1991), Budapest (1992), Kyoto (1993), Brisbane (1995), London (1996), Johannesburg (1997)
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| FIP Awards for Outstanding Concrete Structures |
| 1990 |
The pedestrian bridge across the Altmühl river at Kelheim, Germany |
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La Grande Arche in Paris, France |
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The Oosterschelde storm surge barrier, The Netherlands |
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The Gullfaks C oil platform, Norway |
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In addition, seven entries were judged to be worthy of "Special Mention":
The new Parliament House in Canberra, Australia
The bridge over the Parana river, Argentina / Paraguay
The Beppo Myoban Bridge, Japan
The Thorp receipt and storage facility, United Kingdom
The protecting wall round Ekofisk oil drilling platform, Norway
The sludge fermentation installation at Bottrop, Germany
The bridge over the Elbe river at Podebrady, Czech Republic
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| 1994 |
The Skarnsundet cable stay bridge, Norway |
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The footbridge over the Vranov reservoir, Czech Republic |
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The administrative building of the ECC construction group in Chennai, India |
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The tennis center of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, USA |
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The breakwater jetty in Sakai, Japan |
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In addition, eight entries were judged to be worthy of "Special Mention":
The Bray viaduct on the motorway in North Devon, United Kingdom
The Helgeland Bridge over the Leir Fjord, Norway
The cable-stayed bridge over the Isère, Motorway Valence - Grenoble, France
The pedestrian Kikki Bridge, Japan
The Auditorium in Hyderabad, India
The Ana Hotel in Sydney, Australia
The Hassan II mosque in Casablanca, Morocco
The Ministry of Social Affairs Building in The Hague, Netherlands
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| 1998 |
The Normandy bridge near Le Havre, France |
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The Great Belt East Bridge, Denmark |
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The Belfast Waterfront Hall, Northern Ireland |
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The Osaka Municipal Central Gymnasium, Japan |
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In addition, six entries were judged to be worthy of "Special Mention":
The bridge over the Lerez river in Pontevedra, Spain
The Heidrun tension leg platform, Norway
The Odawara Blueway Bridge, Japan
The indoor swimming arena Osaka Pool, Japan
The indoor stadium at Bangalore, India
The parking garage Laakhaven Hollands Spoor in The Hague, Netherlands
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The tradition to attribute "Awards for Outstanding Concrete Structures"
every four years at the occasion of a congress, is continued by fib.
For the 2002 "Awards for Outstanding Concrete Structures", see fib awards.
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